World Geography Name: ________________________
Ch. 25 Notes Wkst. Due Date: _____________________
Mr. Botkin Period: _________

Directions: Complete this outline by writing a response in each blank. One word per blank. The answers may be found by reading sections of chapter 25 in your textbook. Start reading on page 564. DO NOT LOSE THIS SHEET!!!

“INDIA”

I. PHYSICAL FEATURES
A. Indian subcontinent has been shaped by _____________ __________
1. About 50 million years ago, it pushed into ________ forcing up a
mountain system called the ___________________
2. Mountain-building process still goes on today, causing severe
______________________
B. Landforms
1. One of main landform regions is the _______________________
a. Between two arms of mountains is the ___________ valley
b. Great _________ River begins high in Himalayas’ melting
________ and _____________
2. South of Himalayas is the ________________ Plain
a. Low __________ region stretches about 1500 miles across
northeastern __________
b. Rich ________ was brought down from mountains by the
__________ River, forming the world’s largest __________
__________
c. For thousands of years, people have ____________ on the
Ganges Plain to __________
3. South of the Gangetic Plain the land __________ to the Deccan, a
________________ that forms India’s third major landform region
a. Most of its area is a ________________
b. Newer part is made up of ________ layers; where volcanic
rocks have ______________ and _________________ is
possible, there are fertile __________ fields
c. Two low mountain ranges, the ______________ _______
and the ______________ ________, form the edges
C. Great Rivers
1. Like the Ganges, the __________________ River begins high in
the ________________; flows _____________ through Tibet and
then turns to the ___________ flowing through eastern India
2. In Bangladesh, Brahmaputra joins the Ganges to form a huge
__________
II. CLIMATES AND NATURAL RESOURCES
A. India has _______ climate types which range from _________________
to _______________ ___________ (wet)
B. The Monsoons
1. Climate is strongly influenced by India’s _________________
2. Wet ____________ monsoons usually begins about __________
a. Large ______-pressure area over interior Asia _________
moist air inland from the ____________ __________
b. As moist air flows inland, it brings _________
c. Heaviest rains fall where the monsoon meets ___________
_________ and foothills of the ________________
3. Winter monsoon lasts from ______________ through _________
a. Cold _______ winds blow from Asia’s _____________ into
___________
b. As wind _________ _________ from the mountains, they
________ and become even __________
4. Unusually heavy monsoon ______ cause cause terrible _______
5. If monsoon is _________ or the rains stop _________, crops may
_______ and people may go _____________
C. Natural Resources
1. Most important resources are India’s _________ and __________
as about 56 percent of the country is ____________ (US is 19%)
2. Also has many ________________ resources
3. Rivers supply ___________________ power
III. EARLY INDIAN CIVILIZATIONS
A. The Aryans
1. Religion included many of the basic ideas that became part of
________________
2. Also introduced a __________ system of ___________ classes
B. Islamic Empires: About A.D. 1000, ______________ armies attacked northwestern India
IV. EUROPEAN INFLUENCE
A. Europeans arrived in India in the late 1490s to _________, expand their
___________, and spread _________________
B. British Rule
1. By the mid-1800s, __________ controlled about ________ of the subcontinent and foreign rule ______________ many Indians
2. 1858: India, which included present-day ___________________,
____________________, and ______ ___________, became a
British ___________
a. Called the “jewel in the crown” of the British ____________
b. Indian products ____________ to Britain
c. India was also a ____________ for British merchandise
d. Britain built _______________, ________, and _________
e. Britain also brought the _____________language
C. Independence
1. British did not treat the Indians as ____________
2. After World War II, Britain _____________ India its independence
a. India’s ___________ demanded a separate state
b. Hostility between __________ and ___________ grew
3. 1947: To avoid ________ ______, Britain _______________ the
colony into two parts, _________ and ______________
a. Called the ______________ of India
b. Pakistan, which included what is now ________________,
was mostly ___________
c. India was mostly ___________
d. Region of __________ was divided between two countries
V. RELIGION
A. Hinduism
1. About _____ percent of India’s people are ___________
2. There are _________ gods and goddesses
3. Another practice central is the __________ _______________
a. Group of people who are _______ into a certain ________
in society
b. Assigns people to one of four major __________, or castes,
according to their __________________
c. Person is ________ into a caste and cannot ________ into
another
d. Indian constitution _______________ the caste system, but
it remains a part of ________ life, particularly in _________
B. Islam and Other Religions
1. Largest minority religion in India is _____________
2. About 20 million Indians are _________________
3. Less than one percent of the population is ________________
4. Two other religions are ______________ and _______________
VI. INDIA’S CULTURE
A. National language and the main language used is _____________
B. Most widely used language is commerce and politics is _____________
C. Clothing: India’s ____________ climates demand ________ clothing
VII. INDIA’S ECONOMY
A. Is extremely ___________ and is expanding ___________ as it includes
many different ways of making a living, from ________________ farming
to the most advanced ________________ ___________________
B. Agriculture
1. Basis of India’s economy is _______________
2. Major crops include ________, _________, _______, sugarcane,
and _____________, and half of the world’s ________________
come from India
C. The Green Revolution
1. Government has made many efforts to _________________ food
production for the _____________ growing population
2. Consisted of three main elements
a. Increasing the amount of ________________ _________
b. Harvesting ______ crops per year from existing farmland
c. Increasing yields with ________________ improved seeds
3. Changed India from a country plagued by ________________ to
one that could usually _______ its people
4. Downside
a. Irrigated projects, which required huge _______, displaced
___________ and disrupted the __________________
b. New grains used more dangerous _______________ and
________________
c. Many farmers who could not ______________ irrigation or
chemicals got ___________ yields with new seeds
d. New techniques did not _______ in areas where water was
__________ or where farmers had no ____________
D. Industry
1. Industrial production ranks about ________ in the world
2. Most describe India as a __________________ country
3. Millions make a living by working at ____________ in small-scale
industries called ____________ _______________
4. Also has large-scale ________________ __________________
5. India must strengthen its ____________________ as _________,
__________________ ___________, ____________, _______,
and _________ must be improved
6. Government has been successful in attracting _______________
businesses
VIII. CITIES AND VILLAGES
A. City Life
1. Daily life includes ___________, _______, _______, and ______
2. Most live in ____________ in shantytowns with no _______ water
or ________________
3. A holy city for Hindus is ______________
B. Village Life
1. Life goes on as it has for generations ____________ them
2. Only recently have _________ _______, _______________, or
______________ reached many villages
3. Sanitation is ________; Medical services are very ___________;
and more than half the people cannot _________ or __________
4. Farm families tend to be ___________ because children have to
_________ in the fields
5. In addition, both Hindu and Muslim cultures ____________ large families and _______ are more highly valued than ____________
IX. CHALLENGES
A. Population and Poverty
1. Many problems are connected to __________ population growth
2. Government programs encouraging smaller families have had
_______________ success
B. Environmental concerns
C. Political Issues: India & Pakistan clash over region of ___________;
India’s ________ and __________ sometimes erupt into ____________