Rockingham County Public Schools

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Eighth Grade Math Standards of Learning

2009 Standards of Learning

Number and Number Sense

Focus: Relationships within the Real Number System

8.1         The student will

a)   simplify numerical expressions involving positive exponents, using rational numbers, order of operations, and properties of operations with real numbers; and

b)   compare and order decimals, fractions, percents, and numbers written in scientific notation.

8.2         The student will describe orally and in writing the relationships between the subsets of the real number system.

Computation and Estimation

Focus: Practical Applications of Operations with Real Numbers

8.3         The student will

a)   solve practical problems involving rational numbers, percents, ratios, and proportions; and

b)   determine the percent increase or decrease for a given situation.

8.4         The student will apply the order of operations to evaluate algebraic expressions for given replacement values of the variables.

8.5         The student will

a)   determine whether a given number is a perfect square; and

b)   find the two consecutive whole numbers between which a square root lies.

Measurement

Focus: Problem Solving

8.6         The student will

a)   verify by measuring and describe the relationships among vertical angles, adjacent angles, supplementary angles, and complementary angles; and

b)   measure angles of less than 360°.

8.7         The student will

a)   investigate and solve practical problems involving volume and surface area of prisms, cylinders, cones, and pyramids; and

b)   describe how changing one measured attribute of a figure affects the volume and surface area.

Geometry

Focus: Problem Solving with 2- and 3-Dimensional Figures

8.8         The student will

a)   apply transformations to plane figures; and

b)   identify applications of transformations.

8.9         The student will construct a three-dimensional model, given the top or bottom, side, and front views.

8.10         The student will        

a)   verify the Pythagorean Theorem; and

b)   apply the Pythagorean Theorem.

8.11         The student will solve practical area and perimeter problems involving composite plane figures.

Probability and Statistics

Focus: Statistical Analysis of Graphs and Problem Situations

8.12         The student will determine the probability of independent and dependent events with and without replacement.

8.13         The student will

a)   make comparisons, predictions, and inferences, using information displayed in graphs; and

b)   construct and analyze scatterplots.

Patterns, Functions, and Algebra

Focus: Linear Relationships

8.14         The student will make connections between any two representations (tables, graphs, words, and rules) of a given relationship.

8.15         The student will

a)   solve multistep linear equations in one variable with the variable on one and two sides of the equation;

b)   solve two-step linear inequalities and graph the results on a number line; and

c)   identify properties of operations used to solve an equation.

8.16         The student will graph a linear equation in two variables.

8.17         The student will identify the domain, range, independent variable, or dependent variable in a given situation.