Science

 

Earth Science I (SOL Test)

Grade: 9-12 1 Credit

Prerequisite: None

Earth Science I is the study of the Earth's composition, structure, processes and history; its atmosphere, fresh water, and oceans; and its environment in space. It emphasizes historical contributions in the development of scientific thought about Earth and space. Earth Science stresses the interpretation of maps, charts, tables, and profiles; the use of technology to collect, analyze and report data; and science skills in systematic investigation. Problem solving and decision making are integral parts of the course, especially as they relate to the costs and benefits of utilizing the Earth's resources. Major topics of study include plate tectonics, the rock cycle, Earth history, the oceans, the atmosphere, weather and climate, and the solar system and universe. Students take the Earth Science end-of course SOL test. For instructional grouping purposes, schools offer: Earth Science I CP which is designed to prepare the student for college science courses in related areas, and; Earth Science I which is designed to give the student an understanding of the topics from a practical point of view.

 

 

Biology I (SOL Test)

Grade: 9-12 1 Credit

Prerequisite: None

Biology I is designed to provide students with a detailed understanding of living systems. Emphasis is placed on the skills necessary to examine alternative scientific explanations, actively conduct controlled experiments, analyze and communicate information, and acquire and use scientific literature. The history of biological thought and the evidence that supports it are explored and provide the foundation of investigating biochemical life processes, cellular organization, mechanisms of inheritance, dynamic relationships among organisms, and the change in organisms through time. The importance of scientific research that validates or challenges ideas is emphasized at this level. Students take the Biology end-of course SOL test. For instructional grouping purposes, schools offer: Biology I CP which is designed to prepare the student for college science courses in related areas, and; Biology I which is designed to give the student an understanding of the topics from a practical point of view.

 

 

Chemistry I (SOL Test)

Grade: 10-12 1 Credit

Prerequisite: Algebra I

Chemistry I is designed to provide students with a detailed understanding of the interaction of matter and energy. This interaction is investigated through the use of laboratory techniques, manipulation of chemical quantities, and problem-solving applications. Scientific methodology is employed in the experimental and analytical investigations, and concepts are illustrated with practical applications. Technology including graphing calculators and computers will be employed where feasible. Students will understand and use safety precautions with chemicals and equipment. Chemistry emphasizes qualitative and quantitative study of substances and the changes that occur in them. Students will be encouraged to share their ideas, use the language of chemistry, discuss problem-solving techniques, and communicate effectively. Students take the Chemistry end-of course SOL test. For instructional grouping purposes, schools may offer Chemistry I and Chemistry I Honors.

 

 

Physics I

Grade: 11-12 1 Credit

Prerequisite: Algebra I

Physics I emphasizes a complex understanding of experimentation, the analysis of data, and the use of reasoning and logic to evaluate evidence. The use of mathematics, including algebra, inferential statistics, and trigonometry, is important, but conceptual understanding of physical systems remains a primary concern. Students build on basic physical science principles by exploring in depth the nature and characteristics of energy and its dynamic interaction with matter. Key areas covered include force and motion, kinetic molecular theory, energy transformation, wave phenomena and the electromagnetic spectrum, light, electricity, fields and non-Newtonian physics. The course stresses the practical application of physics in other areas of science and technology and how physics affects our world. For instructional grouping purposes, schools may offer Physics I and Physics I Honors.

 

 

AP Biology

Grade: 10-12 1 Credit

Prerequisite: Biology I

Advanced Placement Biology is the equivalent of an introductory Biology course in college. The survey course includes the study of sub-cellular parts and cell processes, the chemistry of life, genetics, evolution, and both form and function in example organisms of all 5 kingdoms of living things. Students may take the Advanced Placement exam and have their scores considered for college credit. **Financial assistance is available to low-income and needy students to take advanced placement exams.

 

 

Earth Science II&endash;Astronomy

Grade: 10-12 1 Credit

Prerequisite: Earth Science I or Chemistry

Astronomy is a laboratory science course designed for the promotion of greater understanding of the universe through the development of observational techniques and experimentation in the physical sciences. Emphasis will be on the fundamental laws which have led to presently accepted theories of the universe. Some topics to be studied include a survey of the star field, constellations, the seasons, the linking of the sky and earth, and the moon.

 

 

Biology II

Grade: 10-12 1 Credit

Prerequisite: Biology I

Biology II emphasizes human anatomy and physiology, including in-depth studies of all the human systems and their functions. Topics may include dissection of the fetal pig, ecology, genetics and cytology. For instructional grouping purposes, schools may offer Biology II and Biology II Honors.

 

 

Chemistry II

Grade: 11-12 1 Credit

Prerequisite: Chemistry I

Chemistry II offers more in-depth study of topics from Chemistry I. Analytical procedures such as qualitative analysis, quantitative analysis and chromatography may be emphasized. Major topics may include electrochemistry, heat and energy, nuclear and organic reactions, atomic structure, chemical bonding, stoichiometry, gas laws, colligative properties of matter, chemical equilibrium metallurgy and redox. For instructional grouping purposes, schools may offer Chemistry II and Chemistry II Honors.

 

 

Earth Science II&endash;Geology

Grade: 10-12 1 Credit

Prerequisite: Earth Science I or Chemistry

This course focuses on dynamic Earth, the materials of which it is made, and the processes by which it is constantly changing. Topics include the formation of minerals and rocks, plate tectonics, and Earth history and fossils. Practical applications in structural geology, hydrology, and soil science are explored with emphasis on local applications whenever possible.

 

 

Research and Inquiries into Science

Grade: 9-12 1/2-1 Credit

Prerequisite: None

(Eligible as a Science Graduation Credit through the Class of 2000 -2001; eligible as an elective thereafter.)

Students develop an attitude of inquiry as they complete a project of their own choice in categories of Science determined by various regional and international guidelines. Students follow the Scientific method and experience the problem solving process. They use the library, design an experiment, keep careful records, work with mentors from industry or colleges and prepare an oral presentation to accompany their visual display. Projects may include the use of graphics, invention of prototypes, computers or photographs.

 

 

 

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