HOLOCAUST

THE WORLD MUST REMEMBER,

THAT IT MAY NEVER HAPPEN AGAIN

Revised March 30, 2001

 

"To save one life is as if you have saved the world"

the Talmud

 

"They came for the communists, and I did not speak up because I wasn't a communist;

They came for the socialists, and I did not speak up because I was not a socialist;

They came for the union leaders, and I did not speak up because I wasn't a union leader;

They came for the Jews, and I didn't speak up because I wasn't a Jew.

Then they came for me, and there was no one left to speak up for me."

Martin Niemoller, 1892-1984

An overview of Krema IV in Auschwitz. The gas chambers are in the back; in the foreground, the morgue and the crematorium.

One of the cremation pits used to burn the victims of the gas chambers in Auschwitz. These "burning pits" were used mainly in the summer of 1944, when the extermination was going at such a rate that the furnaces couldn't handle the number of corpses. From 1933 to 1945 the Nazis murdered 6,000,000 Jews and millions of others. This tragedy, called the Holocaust, represents the world's most overwhelming example of intolerance.

• Holocaust Resources--This site looks at the Holocaust as it relates to the Jews and others who were singled out by the Nazis; many very good links are found here.
• We must remember the Holocaust--Six million is a difficult number to comprehend, yet many people will try this Sunday, Holocaust Remembrance Day--not to understand why it happened, or how, but rather to protect and preserve the memory of those who died and the circumstances of their deaths. It is easy in the United States to forget the devastation of the Second World War; this country was spared from the horrors of both bombing and Hitler's "answer" to the age-old "Jewish Question." And Europe has largely rebuilt--the signs of war and death have mostly disappeared or have been hidden by rebuilding.
• THE HOLOCAUST: AN HISTORICAL SUMMARY--The Holocaust was the systematic, bureaucratic annihilation of six million Jews by the Nazi regime and their collaborators as a central act of state during World War II.
• The Holocaust History Project--The Holocaust History Project is a free archive of documents, photographs, recordings, and essays regarding the Holocaust, including direct refutation of Holocaust-denial.
• Survivors of the Shoah Visual History Foundation-- Founded by Steven Spielberg in 1994, Survivors of the Shoah Visual History Foundation is a nonprofit organization dedicated to videotaping and archiving interviews of Holocaust survivors all over the world. Interviews are catalogued and archived using breakthrough digital technology and will be made available via on-line, interactive networks to museums, educational institutions and nonprofit organizations and through educational documentaries, books and CD-ROMs.
• The Holocaust: A Tragic Legacy--Background information on the Holocaust and related events. See a Camp Develop a sense of what the layout of a camp was and the mechanics behind a death machine. A year-by-year multimedia timeline of 1933 to 1945.
• TO SAVE A LIFE: STORIES OF JEWISH RESCUE--a previously unpublished book in which personal narratives and photographs reveal how certain individuals acting upon their own moral convictions--while endangering their own and their families' lives--saved the lives of Jewish people from Nazi-occupied Europe.
• Children of the Holocaust--This page is here to help you look up the name of the child on your Forget-Me-Not Internet Card. Find your child in the alphabetical list below and click on the child's name.
• Holocaust Pictures Exhibition--This site has many interesting and disturbing pictures of the camps and the things that happened in them.
• HITLER AND THE FINAL SOLUTION--The information in this timeline is based on Gerald Fleming's book, Hitler and the Final Solution.
• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum--This site contains many online exhibits.
• CANDLES Holocaust Museum--Its purpose is to educate the public about the horrors of the holocaust and to tell the story of the childeren who survived. Further, visitors learn about the experiments twins were forced to endure. "Those who do not learn from the past are doomed to repeat it." has become the basis for the museum's efforts to educate and enlighten about the Holocaust. The slogan of the Museum is "Let us remove hatred and prejudice from the world and let it begin with me. "
• Non Jewish Victims of the Shoah--Written as a tribute to the forgotten victims of the Holocaust.
• THE HOLOCAUST--"Today I will once more be a prophet: If the international Jewish financiers inside and outside Europe should again succeed in plunging the nations into a world war, the result will be not the bolshevization of the earth and thus the victory of Jewry, but the annihilation of the Jewish race throughout Europe." Adolf Hitler speaking before the Reichstag, 1939.
• The Holocaust\Shoah Page--"They came for the communists, and I did not speak up because I wasn't a communist.
• Holocaust/Shoah--The road to Auschwitz was built by hate, but paved with indifference.
• Cybrary of the Holocaust--This a great site for both students and teachers to explore the Holocaust.
• The Jewish Holocaust 1933-1945--Provides a wealth of information on the Holocaust.
• Holocaust Lesson Plans and Links--This site contains a great deal of information for the educator wishing to do a unit on the Holocaust.
• The Anne Frank House--Anne Frank was one of the Jewish victims of Nazi persecution during the Second World War. After Nazi Germany invaded the Netherlands in 1940, increasingly severe anti-Jewish measures began here as well. The Frank family tried to escape by going into hiding.
• Women and the Holocuast--Dedicated to all those women : Who were murdered while pregnant. Holding little hands of children or carrying infants in their arms on the way to be gassed. In hiding. To the mothers who gave their children to be hidden, many never to find them again. To the righteous gentile mothers who were hiding and protecting the children.
• Simon Wiesenthal Center Multimedia Learning Center Online --A multimedia learning center for students and teachers.
• Always Remember--This site is dedicated to examining Jewish resistance during the Holocaust. Here you will find information that discusses both the spiritual and armed resistance of many Jews in ghettos and concentration camps.
• History of the German/Nazi Holocaust-- illustrated history of the holocaust performed by the Nazis during WW2 on the Jewish and other peoples.
• In Remembrance--The Holocaust can be described one of the darkest eras in human existence, and the greatest crime imposed upon people by people. The Holocaust which was a product of Hitler's Nazi Germany, is an event that we need to study and learn from. The Holocaust caused the death of over Six Million innocent people, the majority of whom were of Jewish descent.
• The Holocaust: Lest we forget-- description of concentration and extermination camps in Poland during the Nazi occupation in WW II.
• Studying the Holocaust and The Diary of Anne Frank--A page of interesting Holocaust links.
• Holocaust Teacher Resource Center--This Holocaust Teacher Resource Center (TRC) web site, is dedicated to the memory of the six million Jewish people slaughtered during the Holocaust and the five million other people slaughtered during the Nazi era. It strives to combat prejudice and bigotry by transforming the horrors of the Holocaust into positive lessons to help make this a better and safer world for everybody. This site is sponsored by the Holocaust Education Foundation, Inc.
• Holocaust--Information about the Holocaust, the deliberate, systematic genocide of six million European Jews by the Nazis.
• Interactive Holocaust Web Site--Information on the rise of the Nazis, Adolf Hitler, the Third Reich, Hitler's plan of Genocide, and the Nuemburg trials. Also included is a World War II time line.
• Virtual Jerusalem's Holocaust Pages--This site is a good source of Holocaust information.
• "Don't Let the Light Go Out"--This Exhibition features Animated On screen Movies, Historical Images, Quicktime Movies and Sound to bring you a little closer to the horror that is and was the Holocaust.

• NAZI CONCENTRATION CAMPS 1933-1945--The information in this timeline is from the book "Inside the Vicious Heart" written by Robert H. Abzug.
• The Holocaust: A Tragic Legacy - The Camps--There were two types of camps under the Nazi rule--the slave labor concentration camps where inmates were placed under harsh working conditions and starvation and the actual death camps whose sole purpose was for the annihilation of the Jewish population and any other "enemy" of the Nazis.
• A Visit to Historical Places of Interest in Poland--As one of my tour guides pointed out, there is not an inch of Poland that has not had a tragic history, not a single Polish family that escaped the Nazis, and not a single family that didn't suffer during the Nazi occupation.
• Buchenwald Concentration Camp Memorial--A page of memorial pictures of Buchenwald.
• Dachau--Visit to former Nazi concentration camp at Dachau.
• Dachau--Study-group for investigating contemporary history of Dachau.
• Dachau --Color Photos of the Memorial Site at former Dachau Concentration Camp, taken in May 1997.
• April 29, 1945 - U.S. 7th Army liberates Dachau extermination camp.
• History of the Dachau Concentration Camp--The establishment of a 'concentration camp' was first made public by Himmler on March 20 during a press conference. Two days later, on March 22, 1933 the NS opened the first official special camp for communist protective detainees at the site of a former ammunition factory near Dachau.
• Auschwitz-Birkenau-Photographs--This site allows the user to tour the camps as they appear today. By clicking on the pictures, the user is given an enlarged version of the photo. In a letter from SS-Sturmbannführer Jahrling to SS-Generalmajor Kammler, the cremating capacity of the five Auschwitz crematoriums is specified as 4,756 per 24 working hours.
• An Auschwitz Alphabet--Provides a glossary of terms associated with the infamous concentration camp and other aspects of the holocaust.
• Jan. 27, 1945--Auschwitz Extermination Camp Liberated
• Auschwitz- FINAL STATION EXTERMINATION -- Auschwitz has become synonymous for the biggest crime of all mankind and is well documented. Auschwitz is the site where the planned and organised genocide took place; its victims were no buried, but burnt and their ashes spread over the fields in the vicinity.
• Auschwitz and Birkenau Homesite--Through out the world Auschwitz has become a symbol of terror, genocide, and the Holocaust.
• Auschwitz - Luke's Virtual World --
• MY TRIP TO AUSCHWITZ--. I decided to place one on the grave of the last Kronenberg buried in Geseke, the second in Birkenau, where my grandparents were murdered, and the third on my mother's gravestone in Berlin.
• ARBEIT MACHT FREI - WORK LIBERATES--Some people refuse to accept the fact that Auschwitz really happened. For them, the concept of Auschwitz is nothing more and nothing less than a wildly exaggerated, freely invented horror story used by the victorious Allies to saddle the German people with a bad conscience for all eternity.
• The Forgotten Camps ("Les camps oubliés")--History of several small Nazi concentration camps, work camps, police camps, transit camps, etc. . . by Vincent Châtel and Chuck Ferree.
• Holocaust Pictures Exhibition --Each poster contains one picture, a comment on it and the source.
• The Undeniable Holocaust: A Pictorial Archive of Nazi Atrocities--Jews on their way to Babi Yar pass corpses lying on the street. Railway cars loaded with the corpses of prisoners who died en route to Dachau. This site contains some very strong and disturbing images.
• IB Holocaust Project: The Final Solution: A Summary--This file contains a short survey on the dimensions of the Holocaust, published by the Institut Fuer Zeitgeschichte (Institute for Contemporary History) in Munich, Germany, in 1992.
• The Extermination Factory - Auschwitz--The extermination plant with the most advanced design anywhere in the world consisted of two large crematoria/gas chambers and two smaller ones. Crematoria Four and Five were built on the surface of the ground. Crematoria Two and Three had subterranean gas chambers and reception areas. They were about 102 meters long by 51 meters across. The basement consisted of two main rooms--the undressing area, which also served as a mortuary, and a gas chamber. Victims climbed down the steps into the basement. Those who could not walk were pushed down a concrete slide. The gas chamber, about 225 square meters, looked like a large communal bathroom with shower heads.
• Filip Mu'ller's: Eyewitness Auschwitz--"Mu'ller is neither an historian nor a psychologist; he does not analyze or dissect." Bauer also relates how Mu'ller included a summary of his testimony in a book (published in 1966 as "The Death Factory," by Kraus and Kulka) written in his native Czehoslovakia in 1946, when his horrible memories were fresh and uncluttered by the energies of time.
• Edward R. Murrow's Report From Buchenwald--There surged around me an evil-smelling stink, men and boys reached out to touch me. They were in rags and the remnants of uniforms. Death already had marked many of them, but they were smiling with their eyes. I looked out over the mass of men to the green fields beyond, where well-fed Germans were ploughing..
• Buchenwald - visit fifty years later--"50 Years Later, a Visit With Buchenwald's Ghosts"
• An Auschwitz Alphabet--This site contains alphabetical accounts of life in the camps by camp survivors.
• The Wolf Lewkowicz Collection--These Yiddish letters are the only tangible evidence that remain of the life of Wolf Lewkowicz.
• CONCENTRATION CAMPS--A collection of many camp photographs and an interactive map.
• "Operation Reinhard": The Extermination Camps of Belzec, Sobibor and Treblinka--The principal tasks of Globocnik and his staff in Operation Reinhard were: the overall planning of the deportations and of the extermination operations; the construction of extermination camps; to coordinate the deportation of Jews from the different administrative districts to the extermination camps; the killing of the Jews in the camps; to secure their belongings and valuables and transfer them to the appropriate German authority.
• In the Camps - Stumme Zeugen--Welcome to the virtual exhibit. Photographs by Erich Hartmann
• In Memoriam of Iwan (pronounced Eewan) and Jettie--"Most memories of the war years are quite unpleasant. I have successfully managed to block out that part of the past which deals with my childhood years. I try to remember, but when I do I see mostly still pictures before me. However, the following episode I vividly remember. I was thirteen years old at the time. My family and I lived in the Netherlands. The year was 1943."

• Testimony: The Liberation of Dachau--"On the last Sunday of April 1945, the first Allied soldier, an American scout of Polish descent, came through the gate of the main Dachau camp."
• The Liberation of Buchenwald--"Buchenwald, the first concentration camp to be breached by the western Allies, had been built high on the hills above Weimar, capital of the defunct democratic Republic and not far from an imperial Schloss known as Wilhelmshohe. Nearby still stood the "Goethe Oak,"a noble tree to which the eighteenth-century giant of German letters had often repaired to refresh his perspective. Approximately 238,000 prisoners, many of them Jews, but also non-Jewish Poles, Russians, and dissident Germans, had been incarcerated in Buchenwald since its dedication."
• My Holocaust Experiences--After we landed on a makeshift airstrip, we were taken into the first Nazi concentration camp liberated by American troops. As we neared Buchenwald, the odors became nauseating. I commented to the driver about this, and he said "You ain't seen nothing yet. There's dead bodies all over the place, and the clean-up hasn't even started." He took me on a tour of Buchenwald. I can't begin to describe the heinous scene.
• Liberators' Testimonies--A collection of sites that deal with the liberation of the camps. 
• HOLOCAUST HEROES--HOLOCAUST HEROES is a recently launched site devoted to honoring the brave men and women who risked their lives to rescue and shelter Jewish refugees fleeing the Nazi reign of terror. A major thrust of its mission will be to recognize the rescue activity of the many church groups whose work has been marginalized by too many Holocaust writers and historians.
• YAD VASHEM--The Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority--The Holocaust (in Hebrew Shoah) spanned the years 1933 to 1945, the time that Germany was under Nazi rule and the Nazi regime occupied large portions of the European continent.
• Gunskirchen, Austria - May 4, 1945--This pamphlet was produced by the US Army after they liberated a concentration camp in Austria called Gunskirchen Lager. The 71st arrived just days before VE day.
• David's Story--I want people to read my book if they believe they have problems. When they are finished reading my story, they will understand that their problems are nothing compared to what I and others experienced during the Holocaust. With God's help, I came through terrible times to a good life.
• Witnesses--Survivors, rescuers, liberators, and others who lived through the events and want to relate their stories.
• Louisiana Holocaust Survivors Homepage: interviews
• Surviving Mengele twin shares inspiring words of faith, courage-- The German-born Vigorito was just 3 years old when she was deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau and singled out by Mengele because she was a twin. At an age when she should have been running and playing with dolls, Vigorito and her identical sister, Channah, were locked in a cage in Mengele's laboratory.

God help the outcasts, hungry from birth. Show them the mercy they don't find on earth. The lost and forgotten, they look to You still. God help the outcasts, or nobody will.

from GOD HELP THE OUTCASTS by Alan Menken and Stephen Schwartz from the HUNCHBACK OF NOTRE DAME and sung by Bette Midler.

For the Sake of All Mankind, Let History Not Repeat Itself

This page was created by Pam Robinson for the 8th grade Civics classes at Elkton Middle School. 

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